The famous painting by Hieronymus Borsch depicting Hell as a surreal landscape that has fires, smoke, buildings that seemto be people's heads, etc.

The Cult of Abaddon (2022)

So, nuTSR is essentially dead and buried at this point. They’ve settled with Wizards of the Coast,1 TSR LLC v. Wizards of the Coast LLC, 2:21-cv-01705, (W.D. Wash.), Document #66 the web site is gone,2 Dungeon Hobby Shop Museum <https://tsrmuseum.com> Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20240627031048/https://tsrmuseum.com/ and all their products are gone.

The iconic "The evil is defeated" GIF from Cabin in the Woods.

Let’s talk about their, now historic, “products”, or at least the ones I have access to. Starting with The Cult of Abaddon (2022) by Vincent “The Evil Dungeon Master” Florio with “input and ideas from” Ernie Gygax (credited as Ernest G. Gygax Jr, a truly baffling representation).3 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon (TSR LLC, Lake Geneva WI, 2022)

The front cover for The Cult of Abaddon, including all the general markup to try to make it look like a classic module and the TSR LLC trademark... well the Diesel artwork they started using in lieu of the Justin LaNasa artwork.

It proclaims to be an Old School Renaissance (“OSR”) adventure module published by TSR Hobbies (and “TSR-Hobbies”), suitable for entry level characters. It is one of the few products to few the TSR Rating Meter which specifies it as suitable for ages 10+. 4Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at back cover

As is customary for these kind of products, it doesn’t specify a particular system that it works for – but there is generally an assumption that it’s for Basic Dungeons & Dragons (“BXD&D“), Advanced Dungeons & Dragons (“AD&D“), AD&D Second Edition or some system adapted to replicate this. So you’re not actually saying it’s Dungeons & Dragons (“D&D“) but everyone knows that’s what you mean.

I obtained my copy via Lulu during the brief window when Vincent was selling it as a pdf – making it direct competition with nuTSR’s print only (which never seems to have shippped). So, I guess that makes me one of the foremost scholars on this work, and that’s probably for the best.

The post about that has been scrubbed of Vincent’s blog, but one post that is left up makes it pretty clear the module was originally going to be part of his Mazes & Perils (2012) game, but that he evidentally lost interest in.5 Vincent Florio Mazes & Perils Artifact: The Gemstone of Abaddon (The Evil Dungeon Master, 10 January 2017) <https://www.theevildm.com/p/mazes-perils-artifact-the-gemstone-of-abaddon> Evidentally, he ultimately decided it was not good enough for his own system, but was a perfect fit for the stuff nuTSR were wanting to push out.

First Impressions

While nowhere near as bad a the Star Frontiers: New Genesis “beta”, its extremely amatuer in content and design – reading very much like an early draft by a hobby creator who normally is the only one to read their own work, and assures themselves they’re too genius to need second drafts.

The first paragraph has run on sentences, random use of ampersand (“&”) instead of typing “and”, and random capitalization. It then goes on to explain, with this level of sloppiness and inconsistency, that the title is quite misleading as the party will not have any meaningful interactions with Abaddon or really learn anything meaningful other than they’re bad and doing bad things.

When this was first announced, I noted there it was kind of worrying that they’d decided to use Abaddon, a name from Jewish folklore, in a story about a cult poisoning water supplies, particularly when combined with the less well known “red hand” symbols. Naturally the author denied he was anti-semitic, volunteered his wife was jewish, etc and while I’m personally not convinced but will concede that nothing in the work or his response indicates he was aware of these. Rather he seems just ignorant and too lazy to check anything. Of course, you can be lazy, ignorant and antisemitic so – I encourage you to use your own judgement.

Then it gets worse. Also spoilers ahead, but I sincerely doubt anyone reading this will ever be interested in playing it anyway.

The module mixes and matches whether the core peril is poison in the water or a curse, and makes no effort to explain the presence of the cult. It’s not clearl if they’re people from the villages, from somewhere else, etc. Basically you’re just getting the bare minimum type of “module” where it’s locations, single paragraph explanations of side quests, etc

Screenshot of two examples of "Mini Quest" which are little pop up boxes with "100 XP to complete" and then one sentence summaries of the quests.
A screenshot/clipping from later in where you fufill one of the quests above - right next to it is a "Mini Quest" pop up that says if you report back to the person you have to report back to you can get a reward that must be determined by the DM.

The module also flips between GM (for GameMaster), DM (for DungeonMaster) and Referee – with at least one of the notes later referring to the Referee as the GM.6 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 14 And when you get to the end of the module it has special rules that contradict the rules in the module with no clarification on why etc.7 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 17

The end of the module also specifies that the big bad cult leader should escape, so he can appear in a later module,8 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 15 It then goes on to say, on the very next page, that the party will find his corpse from him botching his escape attempt.9 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 16

Essentially, it’s a mess even under quick review and in dire need of editing by someone with an infinite supply of patience and red pens.

Playability

It’s unplayable and even if it was, your party is going to die before they get anywhere near the conclusion of the adventure.

Vincent is unable to commit to whether it is a game specifically for OSR type systems, or a completely system agnostic game. The introduction explains that NPCs are commoners, should be quite weak etc, then immeidately gives them stat blocks that provide information you don’t need (eg Charisma score) and omits info you probably want (Hit die or saving throw info).

However, the section on the curse contains quite explicit instructions “make a saving throw (PHY at disadvantage)” which doesn’t match with any standard OSR system I’m aware of, and certainly can’t be improvised.10 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 3 Later the saves for progression is “verses magic” and “verses curses” which seems to imply you switch systems midway through.11 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 3 The rules are also wildly inconsistent, with the longform saying it’s 72 hours from start to finish and the table setting it up to 22 days.12 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 3

Later in the book it specifically tells you to use treasure tables from “the DMG”.13 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 13 Stat blocks do not include a treasure type, so this is kind of pointless. Also, at the end of the module it defines “DMG” as “Damage” – so there’s more confusion.14 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 16

But, even if you work out a way to make a system work – it’ll just be a meat grinder that wipes out the Player Characters (“PCs”) at some arbitrary point. It’s not a module made for a group, it’s a module for a toxic GM who deals with their insecurities by killing off PCs and blaming the players. This is further re-enforced by the end of the book stresses that the main role of the GM is to judge the players (not to like, run a fun adventure and try to help everyone a good time).15 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 17

The entry level campaign is loaded with “gotcha” tricks where the players are told they can buy something useful and it is useless. Healing salves from an actual healer – that do nothing,16 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 5 the only weapons for sale will break,17 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 7 and despite there is fake magic item shop.18 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 9 For most of the adventure the can almost certainly cannot afford the useful items, and are subject to theoreticaly infinite, wandering monsters that have no explanation why they’re there or how anyone survives it.19 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 9

The final encounter includes the party fighting 8 enemies who are roughly comparable to them in their prime, backed up by a leader who can almost certainly kill the party in less than two rounds.20 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abadoon, above n 3, at 15 Though its worth noting the leader is unusable without you doing your own preparing spells, as he is a caster with no spells specified despite the fact he can apparently cast 2 per round.21 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 15

The famous painting by Hieronymus Borsch depicting Hell as a surreal landscape that has fires, smoke, buildings that seemto be people's heads, etc.
Christ’s Descent Into Hell by Hieronymus Bosch seems like a good depiction as to what it would be like to try to play this module for a group expecting to actually have fun.

It’s unplayable both due to system failures and because its clearly not actually a well thought out, playtested module – it’s the masturbation of a wannabe bully who needs to hide behind the title of “Evil Dungeon Master” to escape accountability for being a piece of shit to people who are supposed to be friends.

Lore

There’s pretty much none, and what is there is contradictory.

The summary of the curse specifies the curse can only be ended by killing the cult, because otherwise they will continue to curse the water. This is confusing, as the curse is also supposed to put a timer on the PCs to end the cult after they drink the water. It even goes as far to specify the only other cures are things far, far outside the reach of the PCs at this point such as Limited Wish and Wish spells (“even the best Druids cannot mix something to cure it”).22 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 3 The end of the adventure it reveals that the cure is: a mix of salt and vinegar that both “reverses” and “stops the effects” of the curse.23 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 16

I guess this makes Linda Miller, the inventor of salt and vinegar chip flavouring, 24Amelia Tait So long, salt and vinegar: how crisp flavours went from simple to sensational (The Guardian, UK, 14 January 2020) <https://www.theguardian.com/food/2020/jan/14/so-long-salt-and-vinegar-how-crisp-flavours-went-from-simple-to-sensational> a visionary alchemist who secretly created what is, in this module, a panacea that is beyond the greatest minds of his fantasy world. She was just making a tasty seasoning!

An image of fancy, hand made potato crisps made in a restaurant.
In The Cult of Abaddon, the choice of seasoning means these could be the ultimate-curse breaker. Source: WikiCommons

Pretty much all the encounters are not actually written enounters, but rough concepts for an encounter where you the paying customer will actually have to do all the work. There’s a school, run by a teacher with a name, but the children will run away and the teacher tell you to go away… that’s all your info.25 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 8 There’s an alcoholic dwarf blacksmith (groundbreaking) who is only there to sell the party items that break 20% of the time – no information on what happens if you confront him after this.26 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 7

There is, in the first village (referred to as “THE VILLAGE”) an inn which is apparently fairly busy, with multiple private rooms despite being in the middle of nowhere and having virtually no population to service.27 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 6 This inn has a 1 in 6 chance of revealing the entire plot, and a 1 in 6 chance of giving you a red herring that would probably lead to the party thinking they have to investigate the school where you get told to go away.28 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 6

Also, despite this being a tiny village there is a a professional charlatan with a shop front of scam items that can be sold to the PCs, but again no information on what happens if you confront him, what they actually are etc.29 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 9 The scam artist, and another encounter with a guard who just calls the party liars and threatens to arrest them,30 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 8 seem like they’re intended to be in-jokes but just come across as strange projection by the author.

Essentially this isn’t so much a module as it is the notepad of a cringey fourteen-year old who just got into Dungeons & Dragons and is convinced all his ideas are the most original ever. They’re so good, he doesn’t need to do the work on elaborating on them – because who else could think of a scam artist selling fake magic items or an alcoholic dwarf blacksmith who sells incompetently made merchandise?

The iconic Devil Wears Prada "Groundbreaking" GIF

Presentation

I hesitate to say it’s low effort, as any amount of document design and typesetting is always a lot of work – but I will say the general presentation of information and ideas is extremely low effort, as is the selection of artwork.

The maps, which I understand were made by Don Semora as part of his being hired to make the publishing documents,31 The Vlog of Many Things The Evil DM – Plagueizing (YouTube, San Bruno CA, 11 October 2024) <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4d6r03jJWU>, at 15:50 are serviceable enough for the “module” but are clearly made by a guy who was not being paid extra to do it. They’re not atmospheric or anything you’d want to reuse.

The stock art selected is fine quality, but there is no consistency in themes or styles or relevance, making it feel less like a carefully designed module and more like an ideas scrapbook. There’s a picture of a goblin right next to an encounter where you’re attacked by “Ragers” (angry zombies),32 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 11 and cartoony drawings are interspersed with careful renderings. It’s a mess.

Ultimately it feels very thrown together, low effort slop handed off to the type-setter with no real thought about what they’re making, what the themes are or how it’s going to be received by the audience.

The Authors

It would be a disservice to talk about The Cult of Abaddon without talking about the authors. It is, after all, a product of their efforts and their involvement in the NuTSR fiasco – and they certainly went into it with their eyes wide open.

Vincent “The Evil Dungeon Master” Florio

The self-proclaimed spokesperson for the OSR, creator of way too many podcasts and videos on his mediocre YouTube channel. Vincent is perhaps the most incompetent person ever to be awarded an Ennie, and everything he does is always laughably suspicious. He used to have some popularity, but seems to have burned it off when he started betraying people for the approval of Justin LaNasa.

Vincent entered into the nuTSR fiasco roughly around the time Michael was leaving, and seemed to be being pitched to be the successor. Leaks from the Discord logs indicate that part of the reason he backed out was that he didn’t like his associated being documented (by me) and also that as part of his support, he handed over the private home address of Tenkar to Justin to facilitate harassment, and worse.33 Tenkar’s Tavern Vince Florio, The Truly Evil DM – The Betrayal, In His Own Words (Screenshots from the TSR Discord) (YouTube, San Bruno CA, 11 July 2022) <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bajS9VC-3iw> Vincent owned up to this in an “apology” on another channel where he took no actual responsibility and seemed to blame Justin for him getting caught.34 Deset Gled’s post in The Full and Glorious History of NuTSR (EN World, South Hampton UK, 12 July 2022) <https://www.enworld.org/threads/the-full-glorious-history-of-nutsr.684697/post-8689560> Vincent would also go back on his promises not to further support nuTSR.

His main channel on YouTube is textbook example of wannabe influencer faking it and hoping that they make it with countless obvious fiascos. Videos frequently fail to gain more than 50 views, despite him recently bragging he has over 8,000 subscribers.35 Vincent Florio (X nee Twitter, Bastrop TX, 14 December 2024) <https://x.com/TheEvilDM/status/1867679569450611029>

For those doing math, that means less than 0.7% of his subscribers regularly click on his videos, a truly abmissal conversion rate if taken at face value. However, his stats on SocialBlade show the complete disconnect between activity, that leads me and a lot of others to conclude he buys both views and suscribers.36 The Evil Dungeon Master (Social Blade, Reileigh NC, 10 December 2024) <https://socialblade.com/youtube/c/theevildm>

The Social Blade graphs for The Evil Dungeon Master, showing that there are weird fluctuations in Views and Subscribers that don't seem to connect in any way.

And oh yeah, there’s recently been concerns that his Ennie he won for Mazes & Perils was obtained through deception, with the product being a falsely presented plaguirism of the Holmes 77 remaster of an early edit of the Basic Dungeons & Dragons.37 The Vlog of Many Things The Evil DM – Plaguerizing, above n 31, at 18:00 At the very least, it seems he’s vastly overstating his influence and impacts on products because he feels he can.

He claims to be a long time AD&D fan – going so far to say it’s the only edition he’ll play (which is confusing since his own Mazes & Perils is more an adaptation of BXD&D) – but his knowledge is generally remedial at best with him only ever having 10 – 20 minutes of thoughts on any aspect and often just realizing things that have been common discourse for 40+ years.

A sample of his YouTube videos on AD&D:
The Deck of Many things... Campaign breaker?
A How to get started Guide!
AD&D Weapons of Legend?
The Cavelier Class, Over Powered or Just Powerful Fun?
The Power of the Ring of Regeneration!
Exploring Magic-User Spell rules
The videos are all 9 - 27 minutes long.
Could the Deck of Many Things break your campaign? Groundbreaking thought! Are Cavaliers overpowered? I don’t now how it takes 26 minutes to simply say ‘Yes’.

Seriously, in his suspiciously highly viewed video on “Heat Metal” he wanted to address the “I use it to boil their blood” appraoch and then warbles on about how your body is water so that automatically prevents your blood heating. He then proposes you should instead cast the reverse version of the spell to freeze the blood in people’s veins. 38 Vincent Florio aka The Evil Dungeon Master AD&D Spells – Heat Metal – 2nd Level Druid Spell (YouTube, San Bruno CA, 26 July 2024) <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aO8LHHlcZNc>

No Vincent. The reason a DM should cite that cannot boil or freeze blood with a low level spell because 1. iron in the blood part of compounds, not there as identifiable metal (otherwise you would never survive an MRI) and 2. if it had this application then it’d be covered in the spell. Gary understood basic science, and the spell is usually cast on the armour of living beings, if you could cast it on blood – he would have covered that.

People in the comments also pointed out the plethora of other reasons why even an inexperienced DM would know not to allow it – things like spells need to be cast on something you can see – and you can’t see the iron in red blood cells. Basic scrutiny reveals his advice is on par with legal advice from Sovereign Citizens.

He is pretty much not qualified to give advice on anything in any role-playing game.

Outside of the hobby he’s a standard issue no-hoper MAGA who lives in a fantasy that authoritarianism will fix his life – but is also too cowardly to comment for the most part. He’s a quiet supporter of schotastic terrorist,39 Christopher Wiggins Southern Poverty Law Center adds Libs of TikTok creator to extremist hate watchlist (Advocate, Los Angeles CA, 2 April 2024) Libs of TikTok.40 Vincent Florio aka The Evil DM (X nee Twitter, Bastrop TX, 5 December 2024) <https://x.com/TheEvilDM/status/1864433913688399957> ๐Ÿ“ธ

So when I say it’s a deeply sad work by a toxic person who uses being a Dungeon Master as an excuse to bully people, I mean it. Vincent is the kind of guy who’s going to blame players for being total party-wiped due to not running away,41 Vincent Florio, aka the Evil DM (X nee Twitter, Bastrop TX, 24 December 2024) <https://x.com/TheEvilDM/status/1871217472398922144> ๐Ÿ“ธ and make his modules specifically so you cannot run away because they’re poisoned and will die.42 Vincent Florio The Cult of Abaddon, above n 3, at 3

This module was never going to work out well, because the primary author of it is not someone who actually works on projects with an intent on making them good – its the product of a glory seeking manchild who blames others for his problems and is incapable of processing critcism – let alone self reflection.

As he has vast volumes of videos talking about how games should be etc, but scant few works – I decided to check one of his modules for his own game (Perils & Mazes). The Baron’s Ring (2012 & 2019)43 Vincent Florio The Baron’s Ring (Wild Game Productions, 2019) <https://www.drivethrurpg.com/en/product/104614/the-baron-s-ring-a-mazes-perils-adventure> is a simple adventure written for a starter party and its pretty much as mediocre and unusable.

It reads like a rough first draft, that despite having been revised in 2019 feels like it never was reviewed. Major elements you would want elaborated on, such as what the big-bad will actually do with the McGuffin, who the parties you could sell it to, etc are left out. Like The Cult of Abaddon, it operates on the assumption that the person running the game will do all the actual creative work that isn’t drawing a map and then writing what is in the rooms (and presuming narrow outcomes rather than embracing player creativity).

It seems to be written with the assumption that the party is pro-evil or otherwise morally dubious, otherwise they can’t really interact with the item or gain the biggest benefits (which are 300% of the good option). Though again, there’s not really any good information for how you run it or expand on it.

In my, not so humble opinion: Vincent is a fundamentally incompetent as a creator, and any amount of review of his work would have confirmed this. That he was the best they could find is extremely damning to the potential of NuTSR.

Ernest G Gygax Jr (aka “Ernie Gygax)

The eldest son of Gary Gygax, Ernie underwent something of a brand reinvention in the last decade based entirely off this. In July 2015 he launched a Kickstarter for a published version of the adventure he customarily runs conventions and home games, ever since 1978. It raised $126,109, unlocking a plethora of stretch goals and began shipping 7 years after deadline (March 2023), after a handover of the project. 44Ernie Gygax and Benoist Poire Ernest Gary Gygax Jr.’s Marmoreal Tomb Campaign Starter (Kickstarter, Brooklyn NY, 31 July 2015) <https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1709227718/ernest-gary-gygax-jrs-marmoreal-tomb-campaign-star/>

The promo graphic from the Kickstarter:
"Ernest Gary Gygax Jr.'s 
The Hobby Shop Dungeon
A GYGAXIAN CASTLE AND CAMPAIGN
The Marmoreal Tomb
KICKSTARTER"
Some people (I mean me) might feel that any time you see Ernie’s name spelled out in full like this to promote a project, it means the project will end badly.

While Kickstarter delays are not uncommon, its apparent that basically what happened was Ernie bit off way more than he wanted to chew – left the lion’s share of the work to his business partner and then the two of them had to get professional help to finish it. It’s currently on sale through Troll Lord Games.

You may be wondering what kind of help can a guy who has been running the same adventure for over 40 years, and who made a complete disaster of his own (singular) attempt to get into game publishing. I know I and many others were.

Based on information from Don, the most reliable person involved, it seems his main contribution was getting absolutely ripped on weed then going on semi-coherent rambles.45 The Vlog of Many Things The Evil DM – Plaguerizing, above n at 31, at 6:10 This seems very true to character based on what I know about Ernie.

So, Ernie’s entire purpose being associated with this product was to put the Gygax name on it for pseudo credibility and everyone involved knew it.

Other issues

So, it wouldn’t be a nuTSR game if there wasn’t various forms of fuckery on top of the product fuckery would it?

One point a lot of people raised was that, in an amazing display of ineptitude for a third-party creator: this product seems to assume it can use the publicly available elements of Dungeons & Dragons but also uses the term “Underdark”, which is on the protected list.46 System Reference Document 5.1 (Wizards of the Coast, Seattle WA, 2014) <https://media.wizards.com/2016/downloads/DND/SRD-OGL_V5.1.pdf>

This – combined with the lawsuit that nuTSR was in with Wizards of the Coast at the time, may be why that people who pre-ordered, by and large did not actually receive their copies. A the very least, I haven’t seen anyone who ordered confirming they received a copy. It was one of their few actual properties, and one of the few to have their rating metre – but nobody could access it.

The only person who seems to have actually received a print copy was their hype-man Wolfphototech who consistently mispelled the name and, as a first impression, described it as a great because it has lots of room for you to add stuff.

It’s pretty clear from a casual review of his X nee Twitter account the real thing he liked was that nuTSR was a hate group.47 Wolfphototech on X nee Twitter <https://x.com/wolffoetowtech/> ๐Ÿ“ธ

According to Don Semora, the reluctant editor for the project, Vincent originally didn’t want his name on the project – but Justin insisted it go on there because he was concerned that it was stolen from somebody.48 The Vlog of Many Things The Evil DM – Plaguerizing, at n 31, at 9:35

Hilariously, it seems that Vincent also did not trust Justin as he rushed to put out a statement that he donated the module to nuTSR, and received zero payment for it – and he was eager to move on to project that would pay.49 Vincent Florio aka The Evil DM (X nee Twitter, Bastrop TX, 16 February 2022) <https://x.com/TheEvilDM/status/1493640422312321030> ๐Ÿ“ธ To the best of my knowledge, he’s still waiting on those projects.

Last shenanigan was that despite this being an official nuTSR product with the logo and the rating metre etc, it didn’t appear anywhere in the Bankruptcy filings!50 TSR, LLC, 23-01577, (Bankr. E.D.N.C.) The rating metre did (due to trademark), but nothing about the module is mentioned.

That the bankruptcy has been resolved without addressing this, confirms that this product was agreed by all parties to be absolutely and completely worthless.

Conclusion

The Cult of Abaddon was not a serious product made with any intention of being a competitive in an already oversaturated market, presenting the OSR in a good light or even being of interest to a niche group. It was a low effort shit taken on the hobby by a grifter (Vincent Florio), published by another grifter (Justin LaNasa) in order to falsify a veneer of credibility to a sham enterprise that was always destined for abyssmal failure.

It doesn’t even have value as an inspiration piece, or a project to be adapted. It’s just a bunch of bad ideas from a guy who is only interested in the appearance of being an old school gamer, and a guy who has been obsessed with the glory days of his youth (that was 40 years ago).

It was rightfully considered to be worthless to the market, and its only value is essentially that of demonstrating the kind of ineptitude that nuTSR openly embraced as part of their sham.

That as a warning against jumping on board with products because of vague promises and/or the genetic lineage of one party involved.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *